Science is a human Endeavor. Within 150 years, science education has influenced human society to a large extent and still bringing changes. Science is growing rapidly through research and all the research findings are serving as base of technology. In this paper we study the growth and development of Science Education, curriculum, the physical infrastructure, to identify various problems of Science Teachers in teaching, academic performance of Elementary School learners, attitudes of Elementary Science Teachers and Students and to suggest measures for effective Science Education at Elementary level in Arunachal Pradesh.